Hanau shootings at shisha bars

On the evening of 19 February 2020, a gunman opened fire at and outside two shisha bars and a kiosk in Hanau, a city near Frankfurt in the German state of Hesse. He killed nine people, all of whom had migrant backgrounds, in what is widely described as the deadliest racially motivated attack in postwar Germany. According to Wikipedia, the victims were Gökhan Gültekin, Sedat Gürbüz, Said Nesar Hashemi, Mercedes Kierpacz, Hamza Kurtović, Vili Viorel Paun, Fatih Saracoglu, Ferhat Unvar and Kaloyan Velkov, with several others wounded.

After the shootings, the 43-year-old perpetrator drove to his home, where he killed his mother and then himself. He had earlier published a manifesto and videos online setting out racist, xenophobic and conspiratorial views and calling for violence against people of non-white and migrant backgrounds. German federal prosecutors (the Generalbundesanwalt) took over the case and treated it as terrorism, citing a deeply racist motive. The attack prompted national mourning and intensified debate over right-wing extremism, gun policy, and failures by police and authorities, concerns that relatives and rights groups such as Human Rights Watch continued to raise on later anniversaries.

This was an act of domestic right-wing, racist terrorism carried out by a lone German perpetrator, as assessed by German federal prosecutors and security authorities, not foreign-state hybrid activity, sabotage or externally directed operations. The motive was explicitly racist and xenophobic, documented in the attacker's own manifesto, and the targets were people of migrant background. It illustrates the lethal threat posed by ideologically motivated far-right violence within Germany rather than any Russian or other foreign-state interference.